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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Can Triglycerides-HDL-C Ratio, HOMA-IR, ApoB, Non-HDL Cholesterol, and Free Cholesterol be Laboratory-Associated Flags of Female Coronary Atherosclerosis Regardless of Being Diabetic?

The Open Biomarkers Journal 28 Mar 2024 RESEARCH ARTICLE DOI: 10.2174/0118753183290270240319075030

Abstract

Aim

The study aimed to evaluate biomarkers, ratios, and indexes as flags of coronary obstructions in women with established coronary atherosclerotic disease regardless of diabetes.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 42 confirmed atherosclerotic coronary female patients, stratified into diabetic or not and scheduled for angioplasty or coronary graft bypass surgery. Blood samples were collected immediately before coronary intervention for laboratory determinations, such as glycemia, HbA1c, insulin, HDL-C, PON-1, free cholesterol, LDL-C, Apo A-1, Apo B, and TG.

Results

In diabetic patients, insulin was positively correlated with triglycerides (p < 0.0108; r = 0.2009), apo B (p < 0.0006; r = 0.3737), non-HDL cholesterol (p < 0.0084; r = 0.2156), and free cholesterol (p < 0.0084; r = 0.3251). Applying a linear regression model, insulin from diabetic patients showed an association with glycemia, triglycerides, and HOMA-IR (p < 0.001, R2 = 0.9868), but in non-diabetics, the association was only found between insulin and HOMA-IR (p = 0.002, R2 = 0.9031). On the other hand, using triglycerides as a dependent variable, its association has been found in both groups, but only with HOMA-IR (diabetics: p = 0.006, R2 = 0.2504; non-diabetics: p = 0.014, R2 = 0.4697). Also, the TG/HDL-C ratio was higher than 2.5 in 90% of diabetics and 83.33% of non-diabetic patients.

Conclusion

The high prevalence of females with a TG/HDL-C ratio above 2.5, the association among insulin, HOMA-IR, and TG/HDL-C, and correlations with apoB, non-HDL-C, and free cholesterol, should be evaluated as flags of female precocious coronary atherosclerosis.

Keywords: TG/HDL-C, Insulin, HOMA-IR, Diabetes, Precocious atherosclerosis, Cholestrol.
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